Android Bitmap 与 Drawable之间的区别和转换

Android Bitmap 与 Drawable之间的区别和转换

一、相关概念

1、Drawable就是一个可画的对象，其可能是一张位图（BitmapDrawable），也可能是一个图形（ShapeDrawable），还有可能是一个图层（LayerDrawable），我们根据画图的需求，创建相应的可画对象

2、Canvas画布，绘图的目的区域，用于绘图

3、Bitmap位图，用于图的处理

4、Matrix矩阵

二、Bitmap

1、从资源中获取Bitmap

Java代码

Resources res = getResources();

Bitmap bmp = BitmapFactory.decodeResource(res, R.drawable.icon);

2、Bitmap → byte[]

Java代码

public byte[] Bitmap2Bytes(Bitmap bm) {

ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

bm.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, baos);

return baos.toByteArray();

}

3、byte[] → Bitmap

Java代码

public Bitmap Bytes2Bimap(byte[] b) {

if (b.length != 0) {

return BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(b, 0, b.length);

} else {

return null;

}

}

4、Bitmap缩放

Java代码

public static Bitmap zoomBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, int width, int height) {

int w = bitmap.getWidth();

int h = bitmap.getHeight();

Matrix matrix = new Matrix();

float scaleWidth = ((float) width / w);

float scaleHeight = ((float) height / h);

matrix.postScale(scaleWidth, scaleHeight);

Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, w, h, matrix, true);

return newbmp;

}

5、将Drawable转化为Bitmap

Java代码

public static Bitmap drawableToBitmap(Drawable drawable) {

// 取 drawable 的长宽

int w = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();

int h = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();

// 取 drawable 的颜色格式

Bitmap.Config config = drawable.getOpacity() != PixelFormat.OPAQUE ? Bitmap.Config.ARGB_8888

: Bitmap.Config.RGB_565;

// 建立对应 bitmap

Bitmap bitmap = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, config);

// 建立对应 bitmap 的画布

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmap);

drawable.setBounds(0, 0, w, h);

// 把 drawable 内容画到画布中

drawable.draw(canvas);

return bitmap;

}

6、获得圆角图片

Java代码

public static Bitmap getRoundedCornerBitmap(Bitmap bitmap, float roundPx) {

int w = bitmap.getWidth();

int h = bitmap.getHeight();

Bitmap output = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, h, Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(output);

final int color = 0xff424242;

final Paint paint = new Paint();

final Rect rect = new Rect(0, 0, w, h);

final RectF rectF = new RectF(rect);

paint.setAntiAlias(true);

canvas.drawARGB(0, 0, 0, 0);

paint.setColor(color);

canvas.drawRoundRect(rectF, roundPx, roundPx, paint);

paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.SRC_IN));

canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, rect, rect, paint);

return output;

}

7、获得带倒影的图片

Java代码

public static Bitmap createReflectionImageWithOrigin(Bitmap bitmap) {

final int reflectionGap = 4;

int w = bitmap.getWidth();

int h = bitmap.getHeight();

Matrix matrix = new Matrix();

matrix.preScale(1, -1);

Bitmap reflectionImage = Bitmap.createBitmap(bitmap, 0, h / 2, w,

h / 2, matrix, false);

Bitmap bitmapWithReflection = Bitmap.createBitmap(w, (h + h / 2),

Config.ARGB_8888);

Canvas canvas = new Canvas(bitmapWithReflection);

canvas.drawBitmap(bitmap, 0, 0, null);

Paint deafalutPaint = new Paint();

canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, h + reflectionGap, deafalutPaint);

canvas.drawBitmap(reflectionImage, 0, h + reflectionGap, null);

Paint paint = new Paint();

LinearGradient shader = new LinearGradient(0, bitmap.getHeight(), 0,

bitmapWithReflection.getHeight() + reflectionGap, 0x70ffffff,

0x00ffffff, TileMode.CLAMP);

paint.setShader(shader);

// Set the Transfer mode to be porter duff and destination in

paint.setXfermode(new PorterDuffXfermode(Mode.DST_IN));

// Draw a rectangle using the paint with our linear gradient

canvas.drawRect(0, h, w, bitmapWithReflection.getHeight()

+ reflectionGap, paint);

return bitmapWithReflection;

}

三、Drawable

1、Bitmap转换成Drawable

Java代码

Bitmap bm=xxx; //xxx根据你的情况获取

BitmapDrawable bd= new BitmapDrawable(getResource(), bm);

因为BtimapDrawable是Drawable的子类，最终直接使用bd对象即可。

2、Drawable缩放

Java代码

public static Drawable zoomDrawable(Drawable drawable, int w, int h) {

int width = drawable.getIntrinsicWidth();

int height = drawable.getIntrinsicHeight();

// drawable转换成bitmap

Bitmap oldbmp = drawableToBitmap(drawable);

// 创建操作图片用的Matrix对象

Matrix matrix = new Matrix();

// 计算缩放比例

float sx = ((float) w / width);

float sy = ((float) h / height);

// 设置缩放比例

matrix.postScale(sx, sy);

// 建立新的bitmap，其内容是对原bitmap的缩放后的图

Bitmap newbmp = Bitmap.createBitmap(oldbmp, 0, 0, width, height,

matrix, true);

return new BitmapDrawable(newbmp);

}

Bitmap - 称作位图，一般位图的文件格式后缀为bmp，当然编码器也有很多如RGB565、RGB888。作为一种逐像素的显示对象执行效率高，但是缺点也很明显存储效率低。我们理解为一种存储对象比较好。

Drawable - 作为Android平下通用的图形对象，它可以装载常用格式的图像，比如GIF、PNG、JPG，当然也支持BMP，当然还提供一些高级的可视化对象，比如渐变、图形等。

1) Bitmap 转化为 byte

1 ByteArrayOutputStream out = new ByteArrayOutputStream();

2 bitmap.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.PNG, 100, out);

3 byte[] array= out.toByteArray();

2）byte转化为bitmap

1 final ContentResolver contentResolver = context.getContentResolver();

2 final PackageManager manager = context.getPackageManager();

3 final Cursor c = contentResolver.query(uri, null, null, null, null);

4 final int icon3DIndex = c.getColumnIndexOrThrow(ColumnName);

5 byte[] data = c.getBlob(icon3DIndex);

6 Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);