考研英语一2012年试题第3篇阅读理解解析-快答三

考研英语一2012年试题第3篇阅读理解解析

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考研英语一2012年试题第3篇阅读理解解析

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2012年试题英语一第3篇阅读理解解析

——中公考研魏海妹

1. According to the first paragraph, the process of discovery is characterized by its

[A] uncertainty and complexity. [B] misconception and deceptiveness.

[C] logicality and objectivity. [D] systematicness and regularity.

解：关键词“the first paragraph”定位到第一段，题干中的“discovery”定位到第一段中“But in the everyday practice of science, discovery frequently follows an ambiguous and complicated route.”题干中“is characterized by”和“process”分别为该句中“frequently”和“route”的同义再现，更可确定该句为关键句。关键句中“ambiguous and complicated”可确定答案为A项，A项中的uncertainty为ambiguous的同义替换，complexity为complicated的同义替换。其中B项“误解和欺骗”、C项“逻辑性和客观性”、D项“系统性和规律性”均不在关键句中，故排除。

2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that credibility process requires

[A] strict inspection. [B] shared efforts.

[C] individual wisdom. [D] persistent innovation.

解：根据题干关键词“Paragraph 2”定位到第二段，再“credibility process”定位到第二段中“This is the credibility process.”，第三人称单数“this”可知有关于“credibility process”的信息在上一句话，故定位到“But it takes collective scrutiny and acceptance to transform a discovery claim into a mature discovery.”，该句中的takes即为题干中requires的同义替换，故该句为关键句，关键句中的collective(共同的)可确定答案为B项“共同努力”。若不知collective意为“共同的”，则可采用排除法。其中，C项“个人智慧”和D项“持续创新”不在所定位段落之中，故可排除。A项“严格调查”，关键句中未提及“严格”这层含义，应该为“共同的调查”才对，所以排除A项。

3. Paragraph 3 shows that a discovery claim becomes credible after it

[A] has attracted the attention of the general public.

[B] has been examined by the scientific community.

[C] has received recognition from editors and reviewers.

[D] has been frequently quoted by peer scientists.

解：关键词“Paragraph 3”定位第三段，再“discovery claim becomes credible”定位第三段中后一句话“As a discovery claim works its way through the community, the interaction and confrontation ... Transforms an individual’s discovery claim into the community’s credible discovery.”可知B项“科学发现声明需要被科学集体检测”正确。其中，A项中的“public”、C项“editors and reviewers”、D项“peer scientists”都是科学声明变的可信的过程，需要三者共同检测才会变的可信，故可用“community”概括，ACD均可排除。

4. Albert Szent-Gyorgyi would most likely agree that

[A] scientific claims will survive challenges. [B] discoveries today inspire future research.

[C] efforts to make discoveries are justified. [D] scientific work calls for a critical mind.

解：根据题文同序的原则，以及关键词“Albert Szent-Gyorgyi”可定位第四段中“Albert Szent-Gyorgyi once described discovery as‘seeing what everybody has seen and thinking what nobody has thought’.”可知D项“科学工作要求批判性思维”正确。其中，A项“challenges”和B项“future research”均出现在所定位关键句的前一句话中，故可排除。C项定位段未提及，也可排除。

5. Which of the following would be the best title of the test?

[A] Novelty as an engine of Scientific Discovery. [B] Collective Scrutiny in Scientific Discovery.

[C] Evolution of Credibility in Doing Science. [D] Challenge to Credibility at the Gate to Science.

解：考研英语阅读文章为议论文，故文应该围绕作者的论点展开论述，那5个题目围绕文章论点进行，故可题干来锁定论点范围。前4个题目中“科学发现和可信度”字眼频繁出现，故论点与其有关，则可排除AB项。其中D项“科学入门处对可信度的质疑”只是第四段的大意，故排除，所以正确答案为C项“科学研究中可信度的发展”。

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